Choosing the right lender improves your odds at the margin. What decides the outcome is your own financial profile, and every bank reads it through the same five lenses. Fix what you can before you apply, because a declined application is recorded on your credit report and reapplying immediately rarely helps.
Stable, verifiable income
Lenders are not looking for a high income so much as a predictable one. Permanent salaried employment is the easiest case to assess. Commission earners, contractors and the self-employed are not excluded, but they are asked to prove more: typically six months of bank statements and, for a business owner, financial statements and personal income tax assessments. If your income varies, apply when your recent months look representative rather than after a thin quarter.
A credit record that reads clean
There is no blacklist in South Africa - what exists is your record at bureaus such as TransUnion, Experian, XDS and Compuscan. A score around 600 or above is generally where home loan applications start moving comfortably, and higher scores buy a better margin off prime rather than merely an approval. You are entitled to a free credit report from each bureau every year. Pull them before you apply, dispute anything you do not recognise in writing, and clear small arrears - an old unpaid store account is a disproportionately expensive thing to leave sitting there.
Room in your budget for the instalment
The affordability assessment required by the National Credit Act compares your gross income against your existing debt repayments and living expenses. As a working rule, banks are comfortable when total debt repayments stay under roughly a third of gross income and become cautious well before half. That means an existing vehicle finance agreement or a large credit card balance can cost you more bond than the same amount of cash in the bank would gain you. Settling short-term debt in the months before you apply is often the single most effective thing you can do.
A deposit, even a modest one
A 100% bond is available from every major lender to applicants who qualify on affordability, and many South Africans buy that way. It is still not the cheapest route. A deposit of 10% to 20% lowers your loan-to-value ratio, which reduces the bank's risk and usually earns a better rate, and it cuts the instalment from day one. Remember that the deposit is not the only cash you need: bond registration and transfer costs are payable upfront and are not financed by the bond, though transfer duty falls away on lower-priced properties below the SARS threshold, which was set just above R1.1 million for the 2025/26 tax year.
Complete, current paperwork
Incomplete documents are the most common cause of avoidable delay. Have ready: a valid South African ID, your latest three months' payslips, three to six months of bank statements, proof of residence, your income tax number, an employer letter where applicable, and financial statements if you are self-employed. Once you have found a property, the signed offer to purchase joins the file. If you are a first-time buyer with a household income between R3 501 and R22 000 a month, check whether you qualify for the government's First Home Finance subsidy - formerly known as FLISP - which can be applied to your deposit or bond.
Prequalification is not approval
Keep the two apart in your mind. Prequalification is a light assessment of income and credit record that tells you roughly what you can afford, and it is what you should do before you start viewing houses. Final approval happens only after you have signed an offer to purchase: the bank runs the complete credit and affordability assessment and instructs a valuation of the specific property. An approval in principle can still be withdrawn if the valuation disappoints or your circumstances change between the two, so avoid taking on new debt while your bond is in process.